Direct answer
What is a LuxuryPricing cart code?
A LuxuryPricing cart code starts with “LP-” and stores the items, selected options, quantities, and subtotal from a bag. It can be shared so another person can open the same cart.

How to use a code
Paste an LP- code into the bag to load it, or open the shared cart link made from that code. The loaded cart shows the same saved line items and total.
Cart pages are kept out of search indexes because they are personal shared states, not public catalog pages.